A real time vehicles detection algorithm for vision based sensors

A vehicle detection plays an important role in the traffic control at signalised intersections. This paper introduces a vision-based algorithm for vehicles presence recognition in detection zones. The algorithm uses linguistic variables to evaluate local attributes of an input image. The image attributes are categorised as vehicle, background or unknown features. Experimental results on complex traffic scenes show that the proposed algorithm is effective for a real-time vehicles detection.Comment: The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co

Vehicles Recognition Using Fuzzy Descriptors of Image Segments

In this paper a vision-based vehicles recognition method is presented. Proposed method uses fuzzy description of image segments for automatic recognition of vehicles recorded in image data. The description takes into account selected geometrical properties and shape coefficients determined for segments of reference image (vehicle model). The proposed method was implemented using reasoning system with fuzzy rules. A vehicles recognition algorithm was developed based on the fuzzy rules describing shape and arrangement of the image segments that correspond to visible parts of a vehicle. An extension of the algorithm with set of fuzzy rules defined for different reference images (and various vehicle shapes) enables vehicles classification in traffic scenes. The devised method is suitable for application in video sensors for road traffic control and surveillance systems.Comment: The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co

Performance Evaluation of Road Traffic Control Using a Fuzzy Cellular Model

In this paper a method is proposed for performance evaluation of road traffic control systems. The method is designed to be implemented in an on-line simulation environment, which enables optimisation of adaptive traffic control strategies. Performance measures are computed using a fuzzy cellular traffic model, formulated as a hybrid system combining cellular automata and fuzzy calculus. Experimental results show that the introduced method allows the performance to be evaluated using imprecise traffic measurements. Moreover, the fuzzy definitions of performance measures are convenient for uncertainty determination in traffic control decisions.Comment: The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co

Precision Predictions for (Un)Stable WW/4f Production in e +e- Annihilation: YFSWW3/KoralW-1.42/YFSZZ

We present precision calculations of the processes e+ e- -> 4-fermions in which the double resonant W+ W- and ZZ intermediate states occur. Referring to these latter intermediate states as the 'signal processes', we show that, by using the YFS Monte Carlo event generators YFSWW3-1.14 and KoralW-1.42 in an appropriate combination, we achieve a physical precision on the WW signal process, as isolated with LEP2 MC Workshop cuts, below 0.5 per cent. We stress the full gauge invariance of our calculations and we compare our results with those of other authors where appropriate. In particular, sample Monte Carlo data are explicitly illustrated and compared with the results of the program RacoonWW of Denner et al. In this way, we cross check that the total (physical oplus technical) precision tag for the WW signal process cross section is 0.4 per cent for 200 GeV, for example. Results are also given for 500 GeV with an eye toward the LC. For the analogous ZZ case, we cross check that our YFSZZ calculation yields a total precision tag of 2 per cent, when it is compared to the results of ZZTO and GENTLE of Passarino and Bardin et al., respectively.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables, presented at RADCOR2000 by B.F.L. War

Coherent Exclusive Exponentiation for Precision Monte Carlo Calculations of Fermion Pair Production / Precision Predictions for (Un)stable W+W- Pairs

We present the new Coherent Exclusive Exponentiation (CEEX), in comparison to the older Exclusive Exponentiation (EEX) and the semi-analytical Inclusive Exponentiation (IEX), for the process e+e- -> f-bar f + n(gamma), f=mu,tau,d,u,s,c,b, with validity for centre of mass energies from tau lepton threshold to 1 TeV. We analyse 2f numerical results at the Z-peak, 189 GeV and 500 GeV. We also present precision calculations of the signal processes e+e- -> 4f in which the double resonant W+W- intermediate state occurs using our YFSWW3-1.14 MC. Sample 4f Monte Carlo data are explicitly illustrated in comparison to the literature at LEP2 energies. These comparisons show that a TU for the signal process cross section of 0.4 percent is valid for the LEP2 200 GeV energy. LC energy results are also shown.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, Presented at ICHEP200

The path to 0.01% theoretical luminosity precision for the FCC-ee

The current status of the theoretical precision for the Bhabha luminometry is critically reviewed and pathways are outlined to the requirement targeted by the FCC-ee precision studies. Various components of the pertinent error budget are discussed in detail – starting from the context of the LEP experiments, through their current updates, up to prospects of their improvements for the sake of the FCC-ee. It is argued that, with an appropriate upgrade of the Monte Carlo event generator BHLUMI and/or other similar MC programs calculating QED effects in the low angle Bhabha process, the total theoretical error of 0.01% for the FCC-ee luminometry can be reached. A new study of the Z and s-channel γ exchanges within the angular range of the FCC-ee luminometer using the BHWIDE Monte Carlo was instrumental in obtaining the above result. Possible ways of BHLUMI upgrade are also discussed

Overview of the path to 0.01% theoretical luminosity precision for the FCC-ee and its possible synergistic effects for other FCC precision theory requirements

To exploit properly the precision physics program at the FCC-ee, the theoretical precision tag on the respective luminosity will need to be improved from the 0.054% (0.061%) results at LEP to 0.01%, where the former (latter) LEP result has (does not have) the pairs correction. We present an overview of the roads one may take to reach the required 0.01% precision tag at the FCC-ee and we discuss possible synergistic effects of the walk along these roads for other FCC precision theory requirement